| Contents of This Page |
 1. Introduction |
| 2. Definitions |
| 3. Live Births With Non-Normal DRG or MS-DRG |
| 4. Live Births With Hospial Stays Longer than 5 Days |
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Introduction
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While mortality outcomes are an important indicator of a nation's health, neonatal mortality in developed countries has become increasingly
rare. Small area estimates needed for smaller counties or ZIP codes are unstable. Additional measures of infant morbidity might be useful to
complement mortality rates in these situations.
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The California County Profile Reports include two additional measures for assessing infant health: 1) the percent of non-normal newborns
and 2) the percent of newborns with a hospital stay exceeding 5 days after birth.
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Definitions
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Diagnosis related groups (DRG) are case mix assignments grouping hospital patients
to categories based on diagnostic, therapeutic, and demographic characteristics for the purpose of reimbursement. Beginning in 2008, The PDD began reporting Medicare DRGs, known as MS-DRGs. Although MS-DRGs greatly expanded the number of diagnosis related groups, the relevant groups for newborns were essentially unchanged. Only the code identifiers changed. The groups and their definitions remained the same.
Each newborn is assigned to one of seven DRG or MS-DRG codes as follows:
|
DRG
(prior to 2008) | MS-DRG
(2008 and later) | Description |
| 385 | 789 | Died/Transferred |
| 386 | 790 | Extreme Immaturity/Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
| 387 | 791 | Prematurity with Major Problems |
| 388 | 792 | Prematurity without Major Problems |
| 389 | 793 | Full Term Neonate with Major Problems |
| 390 | 794 | Full Term Neonate with Significant Problems |
| 391 | 795 | Normal Newborn |
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For the California County Profile Reports, all newborns that died/transferred, were born prematurely, or were born full term but
with major or significant problems were included in the group of non-normal newborns.
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A long length of stay is defined as a hospital stay after birth that exceeded 5 days. Note that only
infants who were home discharged are included in the reference at risk population.
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Tables and Figures
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| Number and Percent of Non-Normal Newborns by Race/Ethnicity, California and Kern County, 2008 |
| Race/Ethnicity |
Kern County | California |
| N | All
Births | % | N | All
Births | % |
| Hispanic |
1,687 |
9,094 |
18.6 |
66,911 |
283,191 |
23.6 |
| Non-Hispanic White |
746 |
4,054 |
18.4 |
41,365 |
139,575 |
29.6 |
| Non-Hispanic Black |
201 |
779 |
25.8 |
9,114 |
28,533 |
31.9 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander |
96 |
516 |
18.6 |
17,294 |
66,038 |
26.2 |
| Non-Hispanic Other Race |
78 |
370 |
21.1 |
6,142 |
19,888 |
30.9 |
| Overall |
2,808 |
14,813 |
19.0 |
140,826 |
537,225 |
26.2 |
|
Births with unknown DRG/MS-DRG are not included
Categories with less than 10 live births are grayed
Source: CDPH and California OSHPD |
|
| Percent of Non-Normal Newborns, Kern County, 2006-2008 |
 |
| Download as PDF |
| Source: California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and California OSHPD |
|
| Percent of Non-Normal Newborns, California and Kern County, 2005-2008 |
 |
| Download as PDF |
| Source: California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and California OSHPD |
|
| Number and Percent of Newborns with Hospital Stay Longer than 5 Days Until Home Discharge by Race/Ethnicity, California and Kern County, 2008 |
| Race/Ethnicity |
Kern County | California |
| N | All
Births | % | N | All
Births | % |
| Hispanic |
652 |
9,070 |
7.2 |
17,030 |
282,783 |
6.0 |
| Non-Hispanic White |
261 |
4,047 |
6.4 |
8,936 |
139,336 |
6.4 |
| Non-Hispanic Black |
88 |
776 |
11.3 |
2,657 |
28,454 |
9.3 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander |
40 |
513 |
7.8 |
3,938 |
65,972 |
6.0 |
| Non-Hispanic Other Race |
38 |
367 |
10.4 |
1,629 |
19,839 |
8.2 |
| Overall |
1,079 |
14,773 |
7.3 |
34,190 |
536,384 |
6.4 |
|
Births with unknown LOS are not included
Categories with less than 10 live births are grayed
Source: CDPH and California OSHPD |
|
| Percent of Newborns with Hospital Stay Longer than 5 Days Until Home Discharge, Kern County, 2006-2008 |
 |
| Download as PDF |
| Source: California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and California OSHPD |
|
| Percent of Newborns with Hospital Stay Longer than 5 Days Until Home Discharge, California and Kern County, 2005-2008 |
 |
| Download as PDF |
| Source: California Department of Public Health (CDPH) and California OSHPD |
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